INVESTIGATION INTO THE FACTORS HINDERING EFFECTIVE SERVICE DELIVERY OF WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE (WASH) FACILITIES IN THE MAJOR MARKETS OF ANAMBRA STATE
Abstract
One of the greatest challenges facing the world in recent times, is the widespread of diseases and epidemics arising from lack of water and poor sanitation. Thus, this study examined the challenges facing water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) facilities in the major markets of Anambra State. The objectives of the study were to; assess the availability and access to water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services and ascertain the major challenges facing the WASH facilities in delivering quality services in the major markets of Anambra State. The research design was a descriptive survey design while the sampling technique was the stratified random sampling technique. The population of study comprised of 74,547 persons (which were obtained from the various markets’ unions). Out of which 399 persons were selected for the study using Taro Yamane sampling formula. The 399 questionnaires were administered to each of the selected markets respondents using stratified random sampling technique. The research instrument was a structured questionnaire designed by the researchers. The data collected were analyzed using the Weighted Mean and the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results indicated that there exist WASH facilities in most of the markets and the major challenge facing the WASH facilities was poor management of the facilities (component 0.912). Thus, the major findings of this study was that there exist WASH facilities and bore holes in most of the markets but lack of regular water supply, poor hygiene behaviour of the users of the facilities and poor management of the facilities were the major challenges hindering the effectiveness of WASH facilities in the markets. The study concluded that good hygiene practices are as much important as water and the sanitation facilities, without which the desired results cannot be achieved. It therefore, recommended that the Anambra State Government, in partnership with the relevant local governments’ authorities, be directly involved in the management of the facilities by setting up a machinery to that effect.
Keywords: Diseases, Epidemics, Hygiene Practice, Sanitation, WASH, Water
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